Performance & runway

True airspeed

Convert calibrated airspeed to true airspeed and Mach via the ISA standard atmosphere, from CAS, pressure altitude and OAT.

True airspeed
Mach
ISA deviation
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How it works
TAS rises above CAS as the air thins with altitude and temperature: roughly TAS = CAS × √(ρ₀/ρ), about +2% per 1,000 ft. Use CAS for performance limits, TAS for navigation, and groundspeed (TAS ± wind) for timing.

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